目的:分析智能机器人步态模拟训练联合呼吸训练对脑卒中患者下肢运动功能和日常生活活动能力的影响。方法:选 取 2022 年 1 月—2024 年 1 月于南京医科大学附属脑科医院康复医学科收治的 120 例脑卒中患者,随机分为呼吸组、智能机 器人组和联合训练组,每组各 40 例。三组均采用常规康复治疗,呼吸组进行呼吸训练;智能机器人组进行智能机器人步态 模拟训练;联合训练组进行呼吸训练联合智能机器人步态模拟训练。评估三组患者的 Fugl-Meyer 下肢运动功能量表(FMALE)评分、Berg 平衡量表(BBS)评分、步态参数及日常生活活动能力评估量表(ADL)评分。结果:治疗 8 周后,三组患 者的 FMA-LE 评分、BBS 评分、步态参数及 ADL 评分均升高,且呼吸组 < 智能机器人组 < 联合组(P<0.05)。FMA-LE 评分、 BBS 评分、步态参数及 ADL 评分在时点和组别上存在交互作用(P<0.05)。结论:与单独采用呼吸训练或智能机器人步态 模拟训练相比,智能机器人步态模拟训练联合呼吸训练能够更有效地改善脑卒中患者的下肢运动功能和日常生活活动能力。
Objective: To analyze the effect of combining intelligent robot-assisted gait simulation training with respiratory training on lower limb motor function and activities of daily living (ADL) in stroke patients. Methods: 120 stroke patients who were treated at the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2022 to January 2024 were enrolled. They were randomly divided into the respiratory training group (n= 40), robot-assisted group (n= 40), and combined training group (n=40). All patients received conventional rehabilitation therapy. The respiratory training group underwent respiratory training, the robot-assisted group received intelligent robot-assisted gait simulation training, and the combined training group were given intelligent robot-assisted gait simulation training combined with respiratory training. Outcomes were assessed using the Fugl-Meyer assessment for lower extremity (FMALE), Berg balance scale (BBS), gait parameters, and ADL scores. Results: After 8 weeks of treatment, improvements in FMA-LE, BBS, gait parameters, and ADL scores were found in all the three groups of patients, with the following ranking of respiratory training group < robotassisted group < combined training group (P<0.05). Significant interaction effects between timepoints and groups were observed for FMA-LE, BBS, gait parameters, and ADL scores (P<0.05). Conclusion: Compared to standalone respiratory training or robot-assisted gait simulation training, the combined approach can more effectively enhance lower limb motor function, and ADL capability in stroke patients.
基金项目:2022 年江苏省卫健委医学科研重点项目(ZD2022030)
Foundation Item: Medical Research Key Project of Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission in 2022 (ZD2022030)
引用格式:李宁远,张羽,刘莉,等 . 智能机器人步态模拟训练联合呼吸训练对脑卒中患者的影响 [J]. 机器人外科学杂志(中英文),2025, 6(5):723-728.
Citation: LI N Y, ZHANG Y, LIU L, et al. Effect of intelligent robot-assisted gait simulation training combined with respiratory training on stroke patients[J]. Chinese Journal of Robotic Surgery, 2025, 6(5): 723-728.
通讯作者(Corresponding Author):张羽(ZHANG Yu),Email:13770695971@126.com
[1] ZHAO Y, HUA X, REN X W, et al. Increasing burden of stroke in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence, incidence, mortality, and case fatality[J]. Int J Stroke, 2023, 18(3): 259-267.
[2] 史卫卫 , 韦琴 , 赵晶晶 , 等 .2018-2019 年河北省居民脑卒中发病流 行病学特征分析 [J]. 中国慢性病预防与控制 , 2023, 31(4): 274-277.
[3] 盛译萱 , 常辉 , 王志永 , 等 . 肌肉协同理论在脑卒中上肢康复中的研 究进展 [J]. 机器人 , 2024, 46(3): 370-384.
[4] QU H, ZENG F X, TANG Y B, et al. The clinical effects of brain-computer interface with robot on upper-limb function for post-stroke rehabilitation: a meta-analysis and systematic review[J]. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol, 2024, 19(1): 30-41.
[5] Cao S, Ko M, Li C Y, et al. Single-belt versus split-belt: intelligent treadmill control via microphase gait capture for poststroke rehabilitation[J]. IEEE Trans Hum Mach Syst, 2023, 53(6): 1006-1016.
[6] ZHANG Y S, ZHANG K, HUANG L, et al. The effects of respiratory muscle training on respiratory function and functional capacity in patients with early stroke: a meta-analysis[J]. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act, 2024, 21(1): 4.
[7] 戈武杨 , 冯文 . 本体感觉神经肌肉促进疗法模式下的呼吸训练前后 脑卒中患者疲劳程度与肺功能及呼吸力学指标的相关性分析 [J]. 中 国康复医学杂志 , 2022, 37(2): 244-247.
[8] 高晶晶 , 程鹤 . 呼吸训练对脑卒中患者上肢功能及平衡能力的影 响 [J]. 中华物理医学与康复杂志 , 2024, 46(9): 786-790.
[9] 中华医学会神经病学分会 , 中华医学会神经病学分会脑血管病学 组 . 中国急性缺血性卒中诊治指南 2023[J]. 中华神经科杂志 , 2024, 57(6): 523-559.
[10] de Menezes K K P, Scianni A A, Avelino P R, et al. Balance deficit is the domain of the Fugl-Meyer scale that best explain limitations in functional independence during hospitalization after a stroke[J]. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis, 2023, 32(12): 107386.
[11] Simon A, Gyombolai Z, Kubik A Z, et al. Cross-cultural validation of the Berg balance scale to assess balance among Hungarian institutionalised older adults[J]. Disabil Rehabil, 2024, 46(13): 2918-2925.
[12] Rose Sin Yi L, Jing Jing S, Hammoda A O, et al. Effects of virtual realitybased cognitive interventions on cognitive function and activity of daily living among stroke patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. J Clin Nurs, 2024, 33(3): 1169-1184.
[13] 刘丹 , 李文志 . 缺血性脑卒中的中医治疗的研究进展 [J]. 心血管康复 医学杂志 , 2023, 32(6): 625-628.
[14] 王琳 , 严婷婷 , 司芬 . 基于慢性疾病轨迹模式的脑卒中患者康复管理 实践与效果评价 [J]. 中国护理管理 , 2024, 24(6): 856-861.
[15] 熊桃 , 谭雪梅 , 罗静 , 等 . 脑卒中患者康复动机评估工具的研究进 展 [J]. 中华护理杂志 , 2024, 59(7): 890-896.
[16] 张海泉 , 胡川 , 王欣 . 智能机器人步态模拟训练结合悬吊运动对脑 卒中早期下肢运动功能的影响 [J]. 中国康复医学杂志 , 2024, 39(6): 798-803.
[17] 严小青 , 李玉静 , 李怡璇 , 等 . 机器人辅助步态训练对脑卒中患者步 行功能康复效果的范围综述 [J]. 医疗卫生装备 , 2024, 45(7): 105-111.
[18] 王壮 , 王轶钊 , 丘世因 , 等 . 脑卒中上肢康复机器人研究进展 [J]. 中 国现代神经疾病杂志 , 2023, 23(1): 15-21.
[19] Park Y H, Lee D H, Lee J H. A comprehensive review: robot-assisted treatments for gait rehabilitation in stroke patients[J]. Medicina (Kaunas), 2024, 60(4): 620.
[20] ZHANG Y T, ZHAO W W, WAN C L, et al. Exoskeleton rehabilitation robot training for balance and lower limb function in sub-acute stroke patients: a pilot, randomized controlled trial[J]. J Neuroeng Rehabil, 2024, 21(1): 98.
[21] 安丹蔷 , 季宇宣 , 张瀚之 , 等 . 下肢康复训练机器人联合等速肌力训 练对老年脑卒中偏瘫患者神经功能、步行能力、Lovett 肌力分级及 平衡能力的影响 [J]. 临床和实验医学杂志 , 2024, 23(4): 377-381.
[22] 邓丽云 , 钱雪 , 糜盘英 , 等 . 下肢康复机器人整合运动想象在 Pusher 综合征中的应用 [J]. 现代科学仪器 , 2024, 41(4): 57-61.
[23] 盛译萱 , 常辉 , 王志永 , 等 . 肌肉协同理论在脑卒中上肢康复中的研 究进展 [J]. 机器人 , 2024, 46(3): 370-384.
[24] 赵雅娴 , 唐芷晴 , 孙新亭 , 等 . 不同强度穿戴式下肢康复机器人训练 对脑卒中后下肢功能的效果 [J]. 中国康复理论与实践 , 2023, 29(5): 497-503.
[25] 陈芳 , 黄俊豪 , 吴文杰 , 等 . 下肢外骨骼机器人在脑卒中患者功能康 复中应用进展 [J]. 中国康复 , 2023, 38(4): 243-247.
[26] Kim S Y, Lee M Y, Lee B H. Effects of rehabilitation robot training on physical function, functional recovery, and daily living activities in patients with sub-acute stroke[J]. Medicina (Kaunas), 2024, 60(5): 811.
[27] TIAN H L, YANG Y B, ZHANG H, et al. Efficacy of Daoyin combined with lower limb robot as a comprehensive rehabilitation intervention for stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial[J]. J Tradit Chin Med, 2024, 44(3): 530-536.
[28] 黄振明 , 邓海茵 , 何友泽 , 等 . 上肢康复机器人在脑卒中后不同时期 上肢运动功能康复中的应用研究进展 [J]. 中华物理医学与康复杂志 , 2024, 46(8): 751-755.
[29] 王芬芬 , 徐蓉贞 . 上肢康复机器人联合镜像疗法对脑卒中患者上肢 运动功能及日常生活活动能力的疗效 [J]. 机器人外科学杂志 ( 中英 文 ), 2024, 5(5): 871-875.
[30] 吴雪娇 , 彭广卫 , 沈小花 , 等 . 本体感觉神经肌肉促进技术和下肢机 器人对脑卒中后下肢运动和自动态平衡功能的影响 [J]. 中国康复医 学杂志 , 2023, 38(12): 1677-1682.